« Haute intensité : quels défis pour les armées françaises ?
Le retour de la haute intensité, entre autres, se traduit par une demande capacitaire croissante et cela induit une réflexion sur notre capacité de riposte. Quels moyens avons-nous face à ce type de conflit où l’armement nucléaire n’est pas une solution ? La haute intensité implique...
Consult ►The Impact of the War in Ukraine on the European Defence Market
Ce document analyse les effets de la guerre d’Ukraine sur les marchés de défense des Etats européens. Ces dépenses ont connu une augmentation globale continue depuis 2014 qui s’est même accéléré suite à l’invasion de l’est de l’Ukraine en février 2022. Outre la nécessité d’armer...
Consult ►Le chantage nucléaire de la Russie : une simple intimidation stratégique ?
Le discours politique de la Russie en lien avec l’emploi possible de ses armes nucléaires a changé. Cela s’accompagne de changements doctrinaux. Il est ici question d’essayer de dépasser les discours fiers-à-bras de la Russie à l’international ainsi que la vision occidentale du rôle purement...
Consult ►France’s Policy Shift on Ukraine’s NATO Membership
Longtemps réticente (avec l’Allemagne) à l’intégration de l’Ukraine dans l’OTAN, la France s’y montre désormais favorable. Ce revirement s’explique par l’impossibilité actuelle de garantir à l’Ukraine une neutralité entre l’UE et la Russie, sa protection ne semble possible que par l’appartenance à l’OTAN. Cet article détaille...
Consult ►Collective Resilience : Deterring China’s Weaponization of Economic Interdependence
La Chine use de sa puissance économique et de la dépendance de certains Etats à ses exportations ou aux importations vers son vaste marché intérieur, comme levier d’influence. Prenons ici comme exemple l’arrêt des exportations de terres rares à destination du Japon en 2010. Cela...
Consult ►"Keeping the US close, China at bay and Russia weakened: how Europeans are evolving in a competitive world"
Carried out among the populations of eleven EU countries in April 2023, this survey looks at the attitudes of Europeans towards China, Russia and the United States. It reveals that a majority of those questioned want the EU to be autonomous in matters of defence...
Consult ►"Building Europe's economic security"
Against the backdrop of the development of the European economic security strategy, this article looks at the issues and the importance of this concept, as well as the difficulties of developing it among the twenty-seven EU Member States. It sets out four main concerns for economic security...
Consult ►"What role for Russian intelligence services in Africa?"
The author analyses the operations of the Russian intelligence services on the African continent and presents them as one of the Kremlin's levers of influence in this area. In particular, he looks at the role of intelligence in the security cooperation that Russia offers to the various African states.
Consult ►"The European political community: the future of an intuition"
On the occasion of the second meeting of the European Political Community (EPC), held in Moldova in June 2023, this short article looks back at the genesis of this project, the brainchild of President Macron, and outlines some of the prospects for its development. According to the author, the...
Consult ►Blockchain: consolidating our strengths
Based on a long series of hearings, this report details the main challenges and benefits of blockchain technology. It explains that France has the technical and regulatory resources to take its place among the leading countries in blockchain, on a par with the United States,...
Consult ►French armies: the limits of the club strategy
In this article, the author analyses the impact of the 2024-2030 LPM on the French army model. He explains that while the draft law claims to represent a "pivot to high intensity", it essentially perpetuates a format inherited from the post-Cold War era, aimed at maintaining the...
Consult ►How the Russian army changed its concept of war, 1993-2022
Based on Russian military sources, the author presents the strategic thinking of post-Soviet Russia. He shows that Russia's current high-intensity warfare in Ukraine is a far cry from the theorising of war that has been part of the international debate on the...
Consult ►In international relations, does non-alignment really exist?
In this informative article, the author examines the idea of a return to the Cold War. While providing a brief historical overview of non-alignment, he highlights the diversity of alignment strategies deployed today by countries in the South. He qualifies the opposition between the "...
Consult ►With Lula back at the helm of Brazil: how to rethink the strategic defence partnership?
This text presents the prospects for the development of Brazilian foreign policy under Lula's third term in office. More specifically, it highlights the main challenges facing this government in terms of defence and armaments, and proposes courses of action to make the...
Consult ►Anticipating and raising awareness: taking account of environmental standards in the defence industry
In this research note, Adrien ESTEVE, one of France's leading specialists in environmental issues in the defence sector, shows that the ecological transition underway in our societies is also manifesting itself in new standards, which can lead a sector of public action...
Consult ►Russian mining strategy. Geopolitical ambitions and industrial challenges
For several years now, Russia's role as a major mining player has been confirmed: on the one hand, the vastness of its territory suggests unparalleled mineral reserves; on the other hand, technological development and the ecological transition are helping to meet global...
Consult ►The Triumph of Security over Economics
This very short article highlights the extent to which geopolitical uncertainty is reshaping the priorities of states and governments, with the world order becoming fragmented. It's no longer just a question of ensuring prosperity, but also resilience, which is what the reorganisation of...
Consult ►Japan on track to become a major Indo-Pacific military power
This article looks at the evolution of Japan's defence and security posture. Drawing on the National Security Strategy and the National Defence Strategy published in December 2022, the author highlights the growing strength of Japan's defence posture and the quest for...
Consult ►The Disruption of Arctic Exceptionalism. Managing Environmental Change in Light of Russian Agression
The Arctic appears to be at the confluence of two major crises: global warming and the consequences of the war in Ukraine through Russia's security posture. Yet the implications of climate change call for global solutions and the ability of nations and states to work together...
Consult ►''Imagining beyond the imaginary''. Red teaming and serious game in the service of anticipation and foresight
This article looks at the new cognitive tools available to the armed forces for thinking about the war of tomorrow. After presenting the main elements of defence anticipation and foresight used in the United States, the authors trace their introduction and use in Europe.
Consult ►French Spring in Beijing
This article uses Chinese sources to decipher reactions to the French President's visit to the country. It shows that Chinese commentators pay little attention to geopolitics and the war in Ukraine, and concentrate instead on the partnership between France and China....
Consult ►Tactical nuclear weapons rehabilitated?
The study raises the question of the rehabilitation of tactical nuclear weapons on the assumption that they increase the risk of an escalation from conventional to nuclear weapons because they are more employable than strategic nuclear weapons. The first part is devoted to the terminology...
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