{"id":62106,"date":"2026-07-28T13:25:29","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T12:25:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/?page_id=62106"},"modified":"2026-08-24T08:21:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T07:21:39","slug":"la-plume-et-le-bouclier","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/la-plume-et-le-bouclier\/","title":{"rendered":"The Pen and the Shield"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"62106\" class=\"elementor elementor-62106\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce908dc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ce908dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-860b9ea elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"860b9ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Pen &amp; the Shield<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb01a0d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"fb01a0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:100}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c80bb9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c80bb9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee6bcc6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee6bcc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>A four-part historical series exploring the heart of strategic thinking<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2317923 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2317923\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La_plume-et-le-bouclier_16x9.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-62140\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La_plume-et-le-bouclier_16x9.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La_plume-et-le-bouclier_16x9-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La_plume-et-le-bouclier_16x9-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-343c53b elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"343c53b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At a time when the modern world is undergoing a major geopolitical realignment, marked by the return of high-intensity conflicts and the erosion of multilateral certainties, the IHEDN invites you to delve into the archives that have shaped strategic thinking and the spirit of defence. From 3 to 24 August, this four-part series unearths an exclusive selection of landmark speeches delivered to the Institute\u2019s students between 1936 and 1977. To understand the course of our century, we must indeed examine the previous one; for it is by deciphering the origins of past balances of power, the blind spots of yesterday and the flashes of insight from our predecessors that we equip ourselves to anticipate the crises of tomorrow and shed light on our strategic horizon.<\/p><p>This saga draws its strength from its historical dimension and the intellectual legacy of its authors. Whether they were military figures, sociologists, historians or diplomats, these great observers were able to rise above the turmoil of their times to identify the enduring aspects of war, demographic trends and cultural divides that still shape our present day. By revisiting these texts, the IHEDN provides an essential framework for understanding today\u2019s world, reminding us that thought remains, more than ever, our foremost defence.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f11fd7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1f11fd7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58154fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"58154fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6904656 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6904656\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/episode-1-des-voix-historiques-a-lihedn\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-62114\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_1.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_1-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e0614d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e0614d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This first section brings together the Institute\u2019s founding fathers and leading statesmen who have shaped the history of France and international relations. These seminal speeches lay the foundations for the IHEDN ethos.<\/p><ul><li><strong>Vice-Admiral Raoul CASTEX<\/strong>\u00a0-\u00a0<em>Inaugural address by the CHEDN<\/em>\u00a0(15 October 1936)<\/li><li><strong>General Charles MAST<\/strong>\u00a0-\u00a0<em>Opening address for the session<\/em>\u00a0(29 November 1948)<\/li><li><strong>Charles de Gaulle<\/strong>\u00a0(President of the Republic) \u2013\u00a0<em>Opening address<\/em>\u00a0(3 November 1959)<\/li><li><strong>John F. KENNEDY<\/strong>\u00a0(President of the United States) \u2013\u00a0<em>Speech delivered at the White House reception for auditors<\/em>\u00a0(25 March 1963)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f517d8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"f517d8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/episode-1-des-voix-historiques-a-lihedn\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Discover the talks<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfd63fd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"dfd63fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ceffe38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ceffe38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-988444a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"988444a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/episode-2-lecole-de-la-strategie\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-62152\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_2.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_2-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_2-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81c10e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81c10e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Over to the masters of strategic and military thought. This episode explores the concepts of foreign policy and the \u2018grammar of war\u2019, as theorised by the greatest minds of the post-war era.<\/p><ul><li><strong>Raymond ARON<\/strong>\u00a0(Journalist and sociologist) \u2013\u00a0<em>\u00abPolicy and Strategy\u00bb<\/em>\u00a0(4 November 1952)<\/li><li><strong>General Andr\u00e9 BEAUFRE<\/strong>\u00a0-\u00a0<em>\u00abGeneral Strategy\u00bb<\/em>\u00a0(15 November 1965)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33ff265 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"33ff265\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/episode-2-lecole-de-la-strategie\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Discover the talks<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09d21b4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"09d21b4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a3878d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7a3878d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-716f178 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"716f178\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/episode-3-la-societe-francaise\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-62153\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_3.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_3-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_3-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2532ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2532ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Comprehensive defence is not confined to the armed forces: it encompasses the entire nation. Leading observers of their time analyse here the changes taking place in French society, covering the education of young people, the role of the media and national cohesion.<\/p><ul><li><strong>Fran\u00e7oise GIROUD<\/strong>\u00a0(Journalist and writer) \u2013\u00a0<em>\u00abThe role of the print media\u00bb<\/em>\u00a0(15 February 1969)<\/li><li><strong>Jacques ELLUL<\/strong> (Lecturer at the Institute of Political Studies) \u2013 <em>\u00abYoung People and French Society\u00bb<\/em>\u00a0(27 April 1970)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be9ee03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"be9ee03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/episode-3-la-societe-francaise\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Discover the talks<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d7a918 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6d7a918\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21bd530 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"21bd530\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b34cae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6b34cae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/episode-4-avant-le-sud-global\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-62154\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_4.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_4-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/La-plume-et-le-bouclier_episode_4-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2cff52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c2cff52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To bring this saga to a close, this final episode takes a broader view and expands its geographical and demographic scope. Through cultural, historical and diplomatic lenses, these key figures were already anticipating the major global balances we see today.<\/p><ul><li><strong>L\u00e9opold S\u00e9dar SENGHOR<\/strong>\u00a0(Speaker of the National Assembly of Mali) \u2013\u00a0<em>\u00abThe Black Soul\u00bb<\/em>\u00a0(19 March 1960)<\/li><li><strong>Alfred SAUVY<\/strong>\u00a0(Editor of the journal\u00a0<em>Population<\/em>) \u2013\u00a0<em>\u00abThe world\u2019s population\u00bb<\/em>\u00a0(19 December 1975)<\/li><li><strong>Fernand BRAUDEL<\/strong>\u00a0(Professor at the Coll\u00e8ge de France) \u2013\u00a0<em>\u00abCharacteristics of civilisation in the Mediterranean basin\u00bb<\/em>\u00a0(11 January 1977)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-baae142 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"baae142\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/episode-4-avant-le-sud-global\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Discover the talks<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22e3685 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"22e3685\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-972ee29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"972ee29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7988f59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7988f59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>The IHEDN would like to thank the Archives Mission within the Prime Minister\u2019s Office and the Defence Historical Service for facilitating access to these lectures.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La plume &amp; le bouclier Une saga historique en 4 \u00e9pisodes au c\u0153ur de la pens\u00e9e strat\u00e9gique \u00c0 l&rsquo;heure o\u00f9 le monde contemporain traverse une recomposition g\u00e9opolitique majeure, marqu\u00e9e par le retour des conflits de haute intensit\u00e9 et l&rsquo;effritement des certitudes multilat\u00e9rales, l\u2019IHEDN vous propose de plonger dans les archives qui ont forg\u00e9 la pens\u00e9e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-62106","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - 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