{"id":34579,"date":"2023-03-06T18:30:15","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T17:30:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/?p=34579"},"modified":"2025-04-09T15:21:56","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T14:21:56","slug":"war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/","title":{"rendered":"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"34579\" class=\"elementor elementor-34579\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b5249e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9b5249e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a51ca9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a51ca9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In his book \"\u00a0<em>War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices<\/em>\u00a0\"published in March 2022, B\u00e9atrice Heuser deconstructs the binary view of war that still predominates in the West today. Contemporary conflict no longer pits civilians against soldiers, intra-state wars against inter-state wars, just wars against unjust wars. The author also emphasises the fact that the Western belief in a society of constant progress comes up against the reality of war. Today, as in the past, civilian populations are prime targets, despite developments in international law which, in theory, aim to give them greater protection.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7419958 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7419958\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Professor and holder of the Chair of International Relations at the University of Glasgow in Great Britain since 2017, B\u00e9atrice Heuser taught at the University of Glasgow. <em>King's College<\/em> London and at a number of European universities. She also spent a year at NATO headquarters as a consultant and contributed to the work of a number of European research centres, such as IFRI, IRSEM and the <em>Royal Institute of International Affairs<\/em>. B\u00e9atrice Heuser has published numerous books and articles on strategy and the history of war, some of which have been published in French, such as \"Penser la Strat\u00e9gie de l'Antiquit\u00e9 \u00e0 nos jours\".<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e0749f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4e0749f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77f0b19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77f0b19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>A replay of this strategic debate is available on our Youtube channel:<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edb163a elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"edb163a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=FCcDH8y_jEA&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #c80a23;\"><strong>06 March 2023 | 18:30<\/strong><\/span> at the \u00c9cole militaire<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34581,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[247,249],"class_list":["post-34579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-debats-strategiques","tag-debat-strategique","tag-ancien-debat-strategique"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices - L&#039;IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dans son ouvrage \u00ab War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices \u00bb, paru en mars 2022, B\u00e9atrice Heuser d\u00e9construit la vision binaire de la guerre, qui pr\u00e9domine encore en Occident aujourd\u2019hui. La conflictualit\u00e9 contemporaine n\u2019oppose plus de mani\u00e8re aussi sch\u00e9matique civils et militaires, guerres intra\u00e9tatiques et guerres inter-\u00e9tatiques, guerres justes et guerres injustes. L\u2019auteur insiste \u00e9galement sur le fait que la croyance occidentale d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en progr\u00e8s constant se heurte \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la guerre. Aujourd\u2019hui comme hier, les populations civiles constituent des cibles privil\u00e9gi\u00e9es malgr\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9volution du droit international visant en th\u00e9orie \u00e0 les prot\u00e9ger davantage.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dans son ouvrage \u00ab War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices \u00bb, paru en mars 2022, B\u00e9atrice Heuser d\u00e9construit la vision binaire de la guerre, qui pr\u00e9domine encore en Occident aujourd\u2019hui. La conflictualit\u00e9 contemporaine n\u2019oppose plus de mani\u00e8re aussi sch\u00e9matique civils et militaires, guerres intra\u00e9tatiques et guerres inter-\u00e9tatiques, guerres justes et guerres injustes. L\u2019auteur insiste \u00e9galement sur le fait que la croyance occidentale d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en progr\u00e8s constant se heurte \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la guerre. Aujourd\u2019hui comme hier, les populations civiles constituent des cibles privil\u00e9gi\u00e9es malgr\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9volution du droit international visant en th\u00e9orie \u00e0 les prot\u00e9ger davantage.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"L&#039;IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ihedn\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-06T17:30:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-04-09T14:21:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/1923\/03\/RS-IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"338\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"dev\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Dans son ouvrage \u00ab War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices \u00bb, paru en mars 2022, B\u00e9atrice Heuser d\u00e9construit la vision binaire de la guerre, qui pr\u00e9domine encore en Occident aujourd\u2019hui. La conflictualit\u00e9 contemporaine n\u2019oppose plus de mani\u00e8re aussi sch\u00e9matique civils et militaires, guerres intra\u00e9tatiques et guerres inter-\u00e9tatiques, guerres justes et guerres injustes. L\u2019auteur insiste \u00e9galement sur le fait que la croyance occidentale d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en progr\u00e8s constant se heurte \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la guerre. Aujourd\u2019hui comme hier, les populations civiles constituent des cibles privil\u00e9gi\u00e9es malgr\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9volution du droit international visant en th\u00e9orie \u00e0 les prot\u00e9ger davantage.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/1923\/03\/RS-IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IHEDN\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IHEDN\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"dev\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/les-debats-strategiques\\\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/les-debats-strategiques\\\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"dev\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7a40155595e4efb35323447cb8c8c5a4\"},\"headline\":\"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-06T17:30:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-09T14:21:56+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/les-debats-strategiques\\\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":260,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/les-debats-strategiques\\\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/1923\\\/03\\\/IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"d\u00e9bat-strat\u00e9gique\",\"pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent-d\u00e9bat-strat\u00e9gique\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Les d\u00e9bats strat\u00e9giques\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/les-debats-strategiques\\\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/les-debats-strategiques\\\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\\\/\",\"name\":\"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices - L&#039;IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/les-debats-strategiques\\\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/les-debats-strategiques\\\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ihedn.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/1923\\\/03\\\/IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-06T17:30:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-09T14:21:56+00:00\",\"description\":\"Dans son ouvrage \u00ab War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices \u00bb, paru en mars 2022, B\u00e9atrice Heuser d\u00e9construit la vision binaire de la guerre, qui pr\u00e9domine encore en Occident aujourd\u2019hui. 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Aujourd\u2019hui comme hier, les populations civiles constituent des cibles privil\u00e9gi\u00e9es malgr\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9volution du droit international visant en th\u00e9orie \u00e0 les prot\u00e9ger davantage.","og_url":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/","og_site_name":"L&#039;IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ihedn\/","article_published_time":"2023-03-06T17:30:15+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-04-09T14:21:56+00:00","og_image":[{"width":600,"height":338,"url":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/1923\/03\/RS-IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"dev","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices","twitter_description":"Dans son ouvrage \u00ab War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices \u00bb, paru en mars 2022, B\u00e9atrice Heuser d\u00e9construit la vision binaire de la guerre, qui pr\u00e9domine encore en Occident aujourd\u2019hui. La conflictualit\u00e9 contemporaine n\u2019oppose plus de mani\u00e8re aussi sch\u00e9matique civils et militaires, guerres intra\u00e9tatiques et guerres inter-\u00e9tatiques, guerres justes et guerres injustes. L\u2019auteur insiste \u00e9galement sur le fait que la croyance occidentale d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en progr\u00e8s constant se heurte \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la guerre. Aujourd\u2019hui comme hier, les populations civiles constituent des cibles privil\u00e9gi\u00e9es malgr\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9volution du droit international visant en th\u00e9orie \u00e0 les prot\u00e9ger davantage.","twitter_image":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/1923\/03\/RS-IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg","twitter_creator":"@IHEDN","twitter_site":"@IHEDN","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"dev","Estimated reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/"},"author":{"name":"dev","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/7a40155595e4efb35323447cb8c8c5a4"},"headline":"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices","datePublished":"2023-03-06T17:30:15+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-09T14:21:56+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/"},"wordCount":260,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/1923\/03\/IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg","keywords":["d\u00e9bat-strat\u00e9gique","pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent-d\u00e9bat-strat\u00e9gique"],"articleSection":["Les d\u00e9bats strat\u00e9giques"],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/","url":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/","name":"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices - L'IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/1923\/03\/IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg","datePublished":"2023-03-06T17:30:15+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-09T14:21:56+00:00","description":"In her book War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices, published in March 2022, B\u00e9atrice Heuser deconstructs the binary vision of war that still predominates in the West today. Contemporary conflict no longer pits civilian against military, intra-state against inter-state, just against unjust. The author also emphasises the fact that the Western belief in a society of constant progress comes up against the reality of war. Today, as in the past, civilian populations are prime targets, despite developments in international law aimed, in theory, at providing them with greater protection.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/1923\/03\/IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/1923\/03\/IHEDN-Debats-strategiques-War-A-Genealogy-of-Western-Ideas-and-Practices.jpg","width":1511,"height":850,"caption":"IHEDN - D\u00e9bats strat\u00e9giques - War - A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/les-debats-strategiques\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"War: A Genealogy of Western Ideas and Practices"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/","name":"IHEDN: Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale (Institute for Higher National Defence Studies)","description":"Official website of the IHEDN under the supervision of the Prime Minister.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#organization","name":"IHEDN - Institute for Higher National Defence Studies","url":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/BLOC_RF_IHEDN_WEB.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/BLOC_RF_IHEDN_WEB.png","width":500,"height":237,"caption":"IHEDN - Institut des Hautes Etudes de D\u00e9fense Nationale"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ihedn\/","https:\/\/x.com\/IHEDN","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/ihedn\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/ihedn\/","https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Institut_des_hautes_\u00e9tudes_de_D\u00e9fense_nationale"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/7a40155595e4efb35323447cb8c8c5a4","name":"dev","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f1ffcac9ca2fa95ad3ec33e9be3ade82f752acb0cabe541e56c5889225afa88a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f1ffcac9ca2fa95ad3ec33e9be3ade82f752acb0cabe541e56c5889225afa88a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f1ffcac9ca2fa95ad3ec33e9be3ade82f752acb0cabe541e56c5889225afa88a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"dev"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/ihedn.concilium.click"],"url":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/author\/dev\/"}]}},"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-05-09 01:35:37","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category","extraData":[]},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34579"}],"version-history":[{"count":65,"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34579\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53653,"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34579\/revisions\/53653"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}