{"id":39910,"date":"2023-05-28T14:25:37","date_gmt":"2023-05-28T13:25:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/?p=39910"},"modified":"2023-06-30T13:33:02","modified_gmt":"2023-06-30T12:33:02","slug":"le-nouveau-visage-de-la-guerre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/le-nouveau-visage-de-la-guerre\/","title":{"rendered":"The new face of war"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"39910\" class=\"elementor elementor-39910\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-42573a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"42573a3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e92e22\" data-id=\"3e92e22\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-846293f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"846293f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A reflection of modernity <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-428b19f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"428b19f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b9fd3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b9fd3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>24 February 2022, when Russia attacks Ukraine, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.institutmontaigne.org\/expressions\/ukraine-quand-la-technologie-change-le-visage-de-la-guerre\">Russian armed forces outnumber Ukrainian forces two to one<\/a><\/strong>. However, as US President Joe Biden points out, more than a year later, Ukraine <a href=\"https:\/\/www.france24.com\/fr\/europe\/20230220-en-direct-joe-biden-en-pologne-pour-marquer-le-premier-anniversaire-de-la-guerre-en-ukraine\">\"is still standing.<\/a> Ukraine's technological advantage proved decisive in offsetting its numerical inferiority. In the context of the war in Ukraine, the use of the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.irsem.fr\/le-collimateur\/l-age-d-or-de-l-osint-et-la-guerre-en-ukraine-04-10-2022.html\">OSINT<\/a> (Open Source Intelligence) plays a crucial role for the players involved. The various parties to the conflict have used this method. They have three aims: to monitor enemy troop movements, to follow tactical developments and to obtain intelligence on the intentions and capabilities of their adversaries.<\/p><p>The rapid advance of technology has brought about a profound transformation in the way war is waged. <a href=\"https:\/\/jhiblog.org\/2022\/08\/26\/war-a-genealogy-of-western-ideas-and-practices-an-interview-with-beatrice-heuser\/\"><strong>Francesco Guicciardini<\/strong><\/a> At the end of the 15th century, he was already referring to the use of war cannons during the siege of Florence (1529-1530). He considered these weapons to be a new phenomenon. He saw the emergence of these new techniques as forcing the State to adapt its military defences and develop innovative strategies to deal with this new reality.<\/p><p>For the academic <strong>Mary Kaldor<\/strong>a specialist in civil society and human security, the use of digital technology, social networks and websites marks a turning point in contemporary warfare. \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greeneuropeanjournal.eu\/the-new-logic-of-warfare\/\">New technologies have enormously affected war.<\/a>\"The British researcher at the London School of Economics suggests that the use of social networks and modern communication technologies in contemporary conflicts can facilitate the organisation of protest movements. But they can also be used to share information on human rights violations and to amplify stories of resistance. These new technologies are also used as a means of disinformation, to manipulate and divide public opinion. For Carole Grimaud, founder of the Centre for Research on Russia and Eastern Europe, the Russian-Ukrainian war : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.polytechnique-insights.com\/tribunes\/geopolitique\/ukraine-une-guerre-hybride-sur-le-terrain-de-la-desinformation\/\">\"was first played out on the virtual terrain of disinformation.<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Mary Kaldor<\/strong> recalls that during the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, the media were used to amplify violence and spread stories of hatred in order to reinforce ethnic divisions: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greeneuropeanjournal.eu\/the-new-logic-of-warfare\/\">\"We are seeing other new technologies in new wars: social media and websites have become hugely important in propagating extremist ideology\".<\/a><em>. <\/em>But the use of these new communication technologies is nothing new, since they are no more and no less than a different means of disseminating propaganda and controlling information.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b23ec0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0b23ec0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e98039\" data-id=\"7e98039\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7464340 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7464340\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Archaic motivations<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f997d9e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f997d9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fde152e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fde152e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Technological advances and new forms of combat may change the tactical and operational aspects of warfare. But the fundamental motivations and principles remain. The original motivation for war is economic. The British researcher <strong>Susan Strange<\/strong> in his book <a href=\"http:\/\/scholar.sun.ac.za\/bitstream\/handle\/10019.1\/97848\/bergsvik_casino_2015.pdf?isAllowed=y&amp;sequence=2\">\"Casino capitalism<\/a> has already highlighted how economic and financial issues fuel tensions and can trigger wars. The Russian-Ukrainian conflict, fuelled by crucial economic issues used as strategic tools, is the most recent illustration of this.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e099188 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e099188\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-09265cb\" data-id=\"09265cb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29b4f54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29b4f54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Political objectives such as territorial expansion or the protection of national interests are often the driving force behind armed conflicts. This continuity is evident in contemporary wars, where political objectives underpin military operations: the war in Syria, the Russian-Ukrainian war and tensions in the South China Sea are prime examples.<\/p><p>Like <strong>Clausewitz<\/strong> conceptualised it: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cairn.info\/revue-francaise-de-science-politique-2017-2-page-291.htm\"><em>\"war is simply the continuation of politics by other means\".<\/em><\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-530e0f7\" data-id=\"530e0f7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3173fed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3173fed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><u>War according to Plato :<\/u><\/em><\/p><p><em>The Athenian philosopher examines the relationship between war and politics in at least three works: <strong>the <\/strong><\/em><strong>Protagoras<\/strong><em>, <strong>the <\/strong><\/em><strong>Republic<\/strong><em>, <strong>the <\/strong><\/em><strong>Laws<\/strong><em>.<\/em><\/p><p><em>For Plato, war stems from politics and is therefore the means by which men can remain safe and sound. <\/em><\/p><p><em>He distinguishes between two types of war: <strong>the <\/strong><\/em><strong>p\u00f2lemos<\/strong><em> and <strong>the <\/strong><\/em><strong>st\u00e0sis<\/strong><em>. P\u00f3lemos, or external war, contributes to the development of the state, while st\u00e1sis, or civil war, threatens its equilibrium. <\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3527664 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3527664\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Technological developments - with OSINT - have certainly given rise to new tactics in contemporary warfare. But this is more a change in the means used to achieve political objectives than a radical transformation in the nature of warfare. Cyber attacks, for example, cause significant disruption, but are used for traditional reasons: espionage or sabotage. The <a href=\"https:\/\/la-rem.eu\/2022\/05\/lukraine-victime-dune-attaque-informatique-comme-arme-de-guerre\/\">large-scale cyber attacks such as the one that targeted Ukraine in 2017<\/a> have been motivated by political tensions and geopolitical rivalries. This highlights the persistence of traditional motivations for war.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-28fe36f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"28fe36f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-511805d\" data-id=\"511805d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e9135c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e9135c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>On 5 June, the IHEDN will be taking a closer look at the issue of new practices in warfare at the \"Regards crois\u00e9s de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/3966874\/admin\/\">Alexandra Jousset<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/3966874\/admin\/\">Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Lenfant<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/3966874\/admin\/\">Kevin Limonier<\/a> on \"OSINT: the new sinews of war\".<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cd1f80e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cd1f80e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b482de4\" data-id=\"b482de4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-790c636 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"790c636\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.paris-ecole-militaire.fr\/fr\/forms\/osint\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Register at<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Holy war, cold war, total war, hybrid war, high-intensity war... War takes such changing forms that Clausewitz likened it to a chameleon, changing its appearance according to the environment around it. But doesn't war remain timeless in its aims, motivations and principles?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39912,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[207,208,41,171],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-defense-militaire","category-defense-nationale","category-lundis-de-lihedn","category-notre-selection"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le nouveau visage de la guerre - L&#039;IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/lundis-de-lihedn\/le-nouveau-visage-de-la-guerre\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le nouveau visage de la guerre - L&#039;IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Guerre sainte, guerre froide, guerre totale, guerre hybride, guerre de haute intensit\u00e9\u2026 La guerre rev\u00eat des formes changeantes si bien que Clausewitz l\u2019avait compar\u00e9 \u00e0 un cam\u00e9l\u00e9on, modifiant son apparence en fonction de l\u2019environnement qui l\u2019entoure. 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