{"id":63348,"date":"2026-09-21T10:42:47","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T09:42:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/?p=63348"},"modified":"2026-09-21T10:46:27","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T09:46:27","slug":"decentrer-le-regard-loceanie-au-coeur-du-premier-debat-strategique-de-la-rentree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/notre-actualite\/decentrer-le-regard-loceanie-au-coeur-du-premier-debat-strategique-de-la-rentree\/","title":{"rendered":"Shifting the focus: Oceania at the heart of the first strategic debate of the new parliamentary term"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"63348\" class=\"elementor elementor-63348\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8acbf20 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8acbf20\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b30c41 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b30c41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ce d\u00e9bat a tenu la promesse du titre, celle de faire de l\u2019Oc\u00e9anie non pas une marge romanc\u00e9e, mais un espace singulier, riche de ses propres dynamiques, qui invite \u00e0 repenser nos grilles de lecture.<\/p><p><strong>Nommer, c\u2019est aussi situer.<\/strong> La r\u00e9gion englobe toutes les terres de Hawai\u2019i \u00e0 Rapa Nui et de la Micron\u00e9sie \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande en comprenant l\u2019Australie. Le terme d\u2019Oc\u00e9anie date du d\u00e9but du XIX<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle. Il conduit \u00e0 diviser l\u2019espace en trois grands ensembles insulaires dont les noms subsistent \u00e0 ce jour\u00a0: Polyn\u00e9sie, M\u00e9lan\u00e9sie et Micron\u00e9sie. Les intellectuels oc\u00e9aniens, tels qu\u2019Albert Wendt, Epeli Hau\u2019ofa et Teresia Teaiwa, se r\u00e9approprient par la suite cette appellation et en font un geste de d\u00e9colonisation.<\/p><p>Car ce que ces soci\u00e9t\u00e9s ont en commun, par-del\u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 linguistique et religieuse, c\u2019est un rapport presque ontologique \u00e0 l\u2019oc\u00e9an\u00a0: celui-ci n\u2019est ni un vide entre les terres ni n\u2019est limit\u00e9 par les traits de c\u00f4te, mais une composante de l\u2019identit\u00e9 et du territoire. La po\u00e9tesse Teresia Teaiwa le r\u00e9sume d\u2019une phrase\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0nous transpirons et pleurons des larmes sal\u00e9es, l\u2019oc\u00e9an est dans notre sang\u00a0\u00bb<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>. Les \u00c9tats insulaires ne sont alors plus pens\u00e9s comme des \u00eeles perdues dans une mer lointaine, mais comme formant \u00ab\u00a0une mer d\u2019\u00eeles\u00a0\u00bb<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>.<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f55aaf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f55aaf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Un laboratoire de la souverainet\u00e9.<\/strong> La g\u00e9ographie coloniale a impos\u00e9 des fronti\u00e8res \u00e0 des alliances anciennes, et ces fronti\u00e8res sont rest\u00e9es celles des \u00c9tats actuels. Certains ne se reconnaissent pas dans ce trac\u00e9, comme l\u2019illustre le contentieux qui oppose la France au Vanuatu concernant les \u00eeles Matthew et Hunter. \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, la r\u00e9gion a aussi d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une grande diversit\u00e9 de modes de souverainet\u00e9\u00a0: \u00c9tats associ\u00e9s, souverainet\u00e9 distingu\u00e9e de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance ou tr\u00e8s grande autonomie.<\/p><p><strong>Une comp\u00e9tition mal d\u00e9finie.<\/strong> Le r\u00e9cit global a tendance \u00e0 r\u00e9duire l\u2019Oc\u00e9anie \u00e0 un terrain du duel sino-am\u00e9ricain. En r\u00e9alit\u00e9, d\u2019autres puissances y cherchent des relais, des voix, des march\u00e9s. Cette multiplication de guichets permet aux \u00c9tats insulaires de diversifier leurs partenariats et leur politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re, ce que Sarah Mohamed-Gaillard d\u00e9crit comme leur \u00ab\u00a0agentivit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p><p>Face \u00e0 la strat\u00e9gie indopacifique am\u00e9ricaine, \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 concentrique australienne et \u00e0 une omnipr\u00e9sence de l\u2019influence chinoise, le Forum des \u00eeles du Pacifique (FIP) oppose son propre r\u00e9cit, le Pacifique Bleu. Ce dernier fait de micro-\u00c9tats de grands<\/p><p>\u00c9tats oc\u00e9aniques et place la r\u00e9silience climatique et non la menace militaire au sommet de l\u2019agenda de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p><p><strong>Une le\u00e7on pour Paris.<\/strong> La politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re de la France en Oc\u00e9anie, selon la conf\u00e9renci\u00e8re, d\u00e9pend avant tout de sa politique int\u00e9rieure au sein de ses collectivit\u00e9s. Lorsque ses relations avec les collectivit\u00e9s du Pacifique sont apais\u00e9es, la France est un acteur audible et une puissance install\u00e9e. Lorsque ces liens sont en crise, ils la renvoient \u00e0 son statut de puissance exog\u00e8ne.<\/p><p>Un d\u00e9bat qui, en d\u00e9centrant le regard, \u00e9claire autant l\u2019Oc\u00e9anie que les grilles de lecture \u00e0 travers lesquelles nous la regardons.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07d1b5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"07d1b5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr \/><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Teresia Kieuea Teaiwa, <em>Sweat and Salt Water: Selected Works<\/em>, \u00e9d. Katerina Teaiwa, April K. Henderson et Terence Wesley-Smith (Honolulu: University of Hawai\u02bbi Press, 2021)<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Hau\u2019ofa, Epeli. \u00ab\u00a0Our Sea of Islands\u00a0\u00bb.\u00a0<em>The Contemporary Pacific<\/em>\u00a06, n<sup>o<\/sup>\u00a01 (1994): 148\u201161.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a23490 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8a23490\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c433b6 gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"4c433b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-63348 gallery-columns-6 gallery-size-full'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"4c433b6\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjMzNTMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9paGVkbi5mclwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNlwvMDlcL2YzZWZlMmNmLTI1NDgtNDg2Ni1iNTE4LWFhYzI3MDYxYWI2ZS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI0YzQzM2I2In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/f3efe2cf-2548-4866-b518-aac27061ab6e.jpg'><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/f3efe2cf-2548-4866-b518-aac27061ab6e.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/f3efe2cf-2548-4866-b518-aac27061ab6e.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/f3efe2cf-2548-4866-b518-aac27061ab6e-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/f3efe2cf-2548-4866-b518-aac27061ab6e-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"4c433b6\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjMzNTAsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9paGVkbi5mclwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNlwvMDlcL2VjZjE1ZGFjLTQyYTYtNDgyYy04YzU5LTcwZGJkYmYzYjA4MS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI0YzQzM2I2In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ecf15dac-42a6-482c-8c59-70dbdbf3b081.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1380\" height=\"1600\" src=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ecf15dac-42a6-482c-8c59-70dbdbf3b081.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ecf15dac-42a6-482c-8c59-70dbdbf3b081.jpg 1380w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ecf15dac-42a6-482c-8c59-70dbdbf3b081-1325x1536.jpg 1325w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ecf15dac-42a6-482c-8c59-70dbdbf3b081-10x12.jpg 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1380px) 100vw, 1380px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"4c433b6\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjMzNTQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9paGVkbi5mclwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNlwvMDlcL2NhcnRlLW9jZWFuaWUtdW5pdmVyc2l0ZS1sYS1yb2NoZWxsZS5wbmciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI0YzQzM2I2In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/carte-oceanie-universite-la-rochelle.png'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1667\" height=\"1085\" src=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/carte-oceanie-universite-la-rochelle.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/carte-oceanie-universite-la-rochelle.png 1667w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/carte-oceanie-universite-la-rochelle-1536x1000.png 1536w, https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/carte-oceanie-universite-la-rochelle-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1667px) 100vw, 1667px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As part of its September strategic debate, the IHEDN welcomed Sarah Mohamed-Gaillard, a senior lecturer in contemporary history at INALCO, to discuss her book *The Geopolitics of Oceania. Shifting the Focus on the Pacific Island States\u00ab.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":63349,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[172],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-notre-actualite"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>D\u00e9centrer le regard : l\u2019Oc\u00e9anie au c\u0153ur du premier d\u00e9bat strat\u00e9gique de la rentr\u00e9e - L&#039;IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ihedn.fr\/en\/notre-actualite\/decentrer-le-regard-loceanie-au-coeur-du-premier-debat-strategique-de-la-rentree\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u00e9centrer le regard : l\u2019Oc\u00e9anie au c\u0153ur du premier d\u00e9bat strat\u00e9gique de la rentr\u00e9e - L&#039;IHEDN : Institut des hautes \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9fense nationale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c0 l\u2019occasion du d\u00e9bat strat\u00e9gique de septembre, l\u2019IHEDN a re\u00e7u Sarah Mohamed-Gaillard, ma\u00eetresse de conf\u00e9rences en histoire contemporaine \u00e0 l\u2019INALCO, pour \u00e9changer autour de son ouvrage \u00ab G\u00e9opolitique de l\u2019Oc\u00e9anie. 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