Analysis notes

A geopolitical Europe at last? What can we learn from the first von der Leyen Commission?

Since the start of the Ukrainian crisis in 2013-2014, defence issues have been at the forefront of...

Iran's non-state partners in the Middle East: proxies, really?

The Lebanese Hezbollah, the Yemeni Houthis, armed Shiite factions in Iraq and even, more singularly, the...

Strategic stocks: mobilise or immobilise?

The war in Ukraine has accelerated the debate on Europe's dependence on natural resources...

At a time of war in Ukraine, can we still speak of a "Franco-German couple"?

To avoid the possibility of the Franco-German couple coming to an end, the French and Germans must not...

France and the countries on Europe's eastern flank: what defence relations?

Against the backdrop of the threat to European security posed by the war of aggression...

Russia's return to Africa: a threat to French influence on the continent?

The analysis retraces the development of Russia's presence in Africa from the end of the...