"National defence, history and theory", by Professor Philippe Vial

The concept of national defence, which is fundamental to our institution, has a rich and eventful history. Historian Philippe Vial retraced this history in a lecture given to students at the 4th national session of the IHEDN. Part One (1870-1940).
Stéphane Taillat: "In cybersecurity, the United States' main vulnerability is its own system".

A researcher at the Saint-Cyr Coëtquidan Military Academy Research Centre (CReC), the historian has published "De la cybersécurité en Amérique", a detailed review of the latest developments in this field. As far as electoral interference is concerned, "we are a long way from 2016", he says. Interview.
Liberate the country, re-establish the State, reunite France

Between the first landings in June and the announcement of the government in September, General de Gaulle and his entourage succeeded in playing a major role in the liberation of France by the Allies and in restoring the country's legitimate institutions and political cohesion. This is the final episode in our "Esprit 44" series in partnership with the Charles-de-Gaulle Foundation.
The sinews of war: Free France at the Bretton Woods Conference

The fourth episode in our "Esprit 44" series, in partnership with the Charles-de-Gaulle Foundation, looks at the question of how to finance the return of French sovereignty and reconstruction in an initially poor Free France. The key issue was the conference organised in July 1944 in the United States.
A time for battles: fighting on all fronts

This is the second episode in our "Esprit 44" series in partnership with the Charles-de-Gaulle Foundation. This time we explore the involvement of Free French troops in various theatres of operation. This was a crucial stage in the legitimisation of Free France in the eyes of the French and the Allies.
"Esprit 44": what national defence owes to 1944

Throughout the summer, in partnership with the Charles-de-Gaulle Foundation, the IHEDN is exploring various events that took place 80 years ago and were crucial to the return of the Republic, the country's sovereignty and its national cohesion.
General Durieux: "With the ACADEM, French strategic thinking shines out stronger and further afield".

Inaugurated on Thursday by the Minister for the Armed Forces, the Defence Academy of the École Militaire (ACADEM) is a powerful tool for academic exchange and dialogue with France's allies. Its president, Lieutenant General Benoît Durieux, talks about its origins, functions and plans.
Extraterritoriality of the law: when lawfare serves economic warfare

In July, in the face of the scandal, an American economist gave up her bid to join a key post in the European Commission's Competition Directorate. But in this area, it is also the global application of US law that is causing concern among businesses, specialists and legislators.
Paris, a nest of spies for centuries

The French capital has always been a prime location for intelligence services. Here we take a look back at some of the most emblematic actions carried out by French and foreign spies along the banks of the Seine.
The opportunities and limits of OSINT, the new sinews of war

The age of the mass Internet has popularised open-source intelligence, accessible to everyone. Three experts in this field summarised the strategic issues at stake during the last IHEDN Monday.